【英语常用基础句型58句】学习英语，掌握基础句型是迈向流利表达的第一步。以下总结了58个英语中常见且实用的基础句型，涵盖了日常交流、写作和语法结构等方面，适合初学者和需要巩固基础的学习者。
一、
在英语学习过程中，句型的积累与运用至关重要。掌握基本句型不仅可以提高语言表达的准确性，还能增强理解能力。以下是常见的58个基础句型，按类别进行分类整理，便于记忆和使用。这些句型覆盖了陈述句、疑问句、否定句、祈使句、感叹句等基本句式，并包含了时态、语态、主谓一致等内容，适用于日常生活、课堂学习及考试准备。
二、表格展示（58个常用基础句型）
| 序号 | 句型结构 | 中文解释 | 示例句子 |
| 1 | S + V | 主语 + 谓语 | I run. |
| 2 | S + V + O | 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 | She eats an apple. |
| 3 | S + V + IO + DO | 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 | He gave me a book. |
| 4 | S + V + O + C | 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补 | We elected him president. |
| 5 | S + V + O + Adv | 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 状语 | She sings beautifully. |
| 6 | S + V + O + Adj | 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 形容词 | I find this movie interesting. |
| 7 | S + V + Adv | 主语 + 谓语 + 状语 | He runs quickly. |
| 8 | S + V + Adj | 主语 + 谓语 + 形容词 | She is happy. |
| 9 | S + be + Adj | 主语 + 系动词 + 形容词 | The cake is delicious. |
| 10 | S + be + N | 主语 + 系动词 + 名词 | He is a teacher. |
| 11 | S + be + Adj + to do | 主语 + 系动词 + 形容词 + 不定式 | It is important to study. |
| 12 | S + be + doing | 主语 + 系动词 + 现在分词 | She is reading a book. |
| 13 | S + be + done | 主语 + 系动词 + 过去分词 | The door was opened. |
| 14 | Do/Does + S + V | 一般现在时疑问句 | Do you like coffee? |
| 15 | Did + S + V | 一般过去时疑问句 | Did he go to school? |
| 16 | Is/Are + S + doing | 现在进行时疑问句 | Are they playing football? |
| 17 | Was/Were + S + doing | 过去进行时疑问句 | Was she cooking? |
| 18 | Have/Has + V-ed | 现在完成时 | I have eaten. |
| 19 | Had + V-ed | 过去完成时 | She had left before I arrived. |
| 20 | Will/Shall + V | 一般将来时 | I will go tomorrow. |
| 21 | Be going to + V | 即将做某事 | He is going to visit us. |
| 22 | S + V + not | 否定句 | I do not like it. |
| 23 | S + did not + V | 一般过去时否定 | He did not come. |
| 24 | S + am/is/are not + Adj | 系动词否定 | She is not happy. |
| 25 | S + am/is/are not + doing | 进行时否定 | They are not working. |
| 26 | S + was/were not + doing | 过去进行时否定 | He was not sleeping. |
| 27 | S + have/has not + V-ed | 现在完成时否定 | I have not seen her. |
| 28 | S + had not + V-ed | 过去完成时否定 | She had not finished. |
| 29 | S + will/shall not + V | 将来时否定 | I will not go. |
| 30 | What + be + S? | 什么是什么？ | What is this? |
| 31 | Who + be + S? | 谁是谁？ | Who is that? |
| 32 | Where + be + S? | 哪里是…？ | Where is the library? |
| 33 | When + be + S? | 什么时候是…？ | When is the meeting? |
| 34 | Why + be + S? | 为什么是…？ | Why are you late? |
| 35 | How + be + S? | 怎么样是…？ | How is your day? |
| 36 | What + V + S? | 什么做了…？ | What did you eat? |
| 37 | Who + V + S? | 谁做了…？ | Who broke the glass? |
| 38 | Where + V + S? | 在哪里做了…？ | Where did you go? |
| 39 | When + V + S? | 什么时候做了…？ | When did he arrive? |
| 40 | Why + V + S? | 为什么做了…？ | Why did you leave? |
| 41 | How + V + S? | 怎么样做了…？ | How did you get here? |
| 42 | S + V + to do | 主语 + 谓语 + 动词不定式 | I want to go. |
| 43 | S + V + doing | 主语 + 谓语 + 动名词 | I enjoy swimming. |
| 44 | S + V + that-clause | 主语 + 谓语 + that从句 | I believe that he is honest. |
| 45 | S + V + whether/if-clause | 主语 + 谓语 + 是否从句 | I wonder if he will come. |
| 46 | S + V + wh-clause | 主语 + 谓语 + 疑问词从句 | I know where he is. |
| 47 | S + V + to do (for sb) | 主语 + 谓语 + 不定式（表示目的） | I bought a gift for you. |
| 48 | S + V + doing (for sb) | 主语 + 谓语 + 动名词（表示用途） | This knife is used for cutting. |
| 49 | S + V + to do (as) | 主语 + 谓语 + 不定式（作为） | He is known as a doctor. |
| 50 | S + V + doing (as) | 主语 + 谓语 + 动名词（作为） | She works as a teacher. |
| 51 | S + V + adj | 主语 + 谓语 + 形容词 | I find it difficult. |
| 52 | S + V + adv | 主语 + 谓语 + 状语 | He speaks clearly. |
| 53 | S + V + prep + noun | 主语 + 谓语 + 介词 + 名词 | She looked at the picture. |
| 54 | S + be + adj | 主语 + 系动词 + 形容词 | The food is tasty. |
| 55 | S + be + prep + noun | 主语 + 系动词 + 介词 + 名词 | The book is on the table. |
| 56 | S + be + doing | 主语 + 系动词 + 现在分词 | He is eating. |
| 57 | S + be + done | 主语 + 系动词 + 过去分词 | The letter was written. |
| 58 | S + V + object + to do | 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 不定式 | I asked him to leave. |
以上58个基础句型是英语学习中的核心内容，建议结合实际语境练习，逐步提升语言运用能力。通过不断复习和应用，可以有效提高英语表达的准确性和自然度。
